EXAMPLE WITH C
This Article Introduce to below this Topic’s
A. Introduction of Array with example
B. Types of Array with example
C. Initialization of Arrays
D. Example with C Program
A. Introduction of Arrays
An array can be defined as an area in memory. This can be referred to by a common name. Arrays are used to set of group like object.
Each element of the array can be referred to by the array name and a subscript or index
Syntax:-
Datatype arrayname [n];
B. Types of Array with example
There are two types of array
One –dimensional / Single –dimensional array Two-dimensional / Multi-dimensional arrays
One –dimensional / Single –dimensional array
An array is declared as containing a certain datatype and internally they are stored as a contiguous set of these data types.
Int numbers [10];
This defines an integer array called numbers. The array can hold 10 integer values, which will be stored the elements numbers [0] to numbers [9].
Float fnums [10];
This defines a float array called fnums. The array can hold 10 float values, which will be stored the elements fnums [0] to fnums [9].
Char name [10];
This defines a character array called name .the array can hold 10 characters values, which will be stored the elements name [0] to name [9].
Initialization of One-dimensional/Single-dimensional Array
An array can be initialized, when declared by specifying the vales of some or all of its elements .this initialization at a time of declaration is possible only outside a function unless it is declared static.
Initialization can also be done inside the function after the array has been declared by accepting the values.
Char name [7] = {‘K’,’r’,’i’,’s’,’h’,’n’,’a’, \0’};
Char name [7] = {‘Krishna’};
In that first case individual elements have been moved into the array and hence it is essential that the name terminator be specified explicitly.
In that second case, the name terminator gets attached automatically because a name has been assigned.
Int ages [] = {19, 23, 45.27, 28, 29};
In that case integer and float individual value have to be moved into the elements. In the proceeding declaration the dimension has not been specified for reason of flexibility, the compiler will automatically calculate the dimension based on the initialization.
In that case integer and float individual value have to be moved into the elements. In the proceeding declaration the dimension has not been specified for reason of flexibility, the compiler will automatically calculate the dimension based on the initialization.
Two-dimensional / Multi-dimensional arrays
A two-dimensional array is in essence an array of one –dimensional array.it is also known as “two-d array”.
Syntax:-
Datatype arrayname[x] [y];
Each dimension of the two –d array has been placed in a separate set of brackets. Two-d arrays are stored in a row –column matrix, in which the first index indicates the row and second indicates the column.to access a specific element, either the indices or subscripts have to be specified.
Initializing Multi-dimensional/ Two-dimensional arrays
The rules for initialization of two-d array are the same as a one –dimensional array. Initialization at the time of declaration must be done outside the function or must be declared static within the function.
Ex: - int squares [10] [2] =
{
{1, 1},
{1, 2},
{2, 3},
{3, 4},
{4, 5},
{5, 6},
{6, 7},
{7, 8},
{8, 9},
{9, 0}
};
Ex: - Int sales [3] [4] = {
{143, 234},
{253, 567,546},
{786, 657, 890, 543}
};
Only the two elements of the first row, three in the second row, and four in the third row are initialized.
As usual, the array can also be initialized inside the function by accepting the values.
Character arrays initialized in two-dimensional arrays
Char name [7] [3] = {
{‘Krishna’},
{‘Radikaa’},
{‘Govinda’}
};
